The Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) triggers fear in many, often fueled by misconceptions. Misunderstandings about the nature of the disease and methods of prevention are prevalent. In response, Mizoram’s Chief Minister, Lalduhoma, revealed that 97.38% of HIV transmissions in the state stem from unprotected sexual encounters and the sharing of infected needles and syringes.
To combat the rising infection rates and promote awareness, the Chief Minister launched an IEC (Information, Education, and Communication) campaign, alongside an HIV testing drive. He emphasized the importance of prioritizing awareness efforts in villages and border areas.
**Awareness Campaign Spearheaded by the CM**
The Chief Minister identified prevention and protection as the primary strategies. He stressed that individuals can only effectively prevent and protect themselves when they understand the disease’s mechanisms and symptoms.
Despite existing awareness, the CM noted a lack of consistent adherence to preventive measures. He underscored the need for innovative and impactful initiatives to encourage individuals to adopt recommended preventative practices.
**Factors Contributing to Disease Spread**
Health officials shared that, during the fiscal year 2024-2025, 97.38% of HIV positive cases were linked to unsafe sexual contact and the sharing of needles and syringes used for injecting drugs.
Unsafe sexual practices accounted for 68.13% of the infections. Needle/syringe sharing contributed to 29.5% of the infections.
**HIV Cases in Mizoram: Statistics**
Health Minister Laldinpuii urged citizens to be mindful of their HIV status and support preventative measures. She emphasized that HIV/AIDS remains a significant public health concern, and some individuals continue to engage in risky behaviors, despite awareness of the transmission risks.
Since October 1990, when the virus was first identified in Mizoram, a total of 32,994 HIV positive cases have been documented. In the 2024-25 fiscal year, 2,471 individuals, including 869 women, tested positive for the virus.
The officials highlighted that prevention is achievable for 97% of those affected by HIV. Mizoram ranks among the top five states nationwide in terms of effective HIV/AIDS prevention and care programs. The intensive IEC campaign will conduct awareness and testing programs across 88 villages, spanning all 11 districts in the state, aiming for comprehensive testing coverage.
**Understanding HIV**
Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) is an infection that attacks the immune system. Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS) represents the final or advanced stage of HIV.
HIV targets the white blood cells, weakening the immune system and increasing vulnerability to diseases. The WHO indicates that HIV is a significant global public health challenge, having caused an estimated 44.1 million deaths worldwide. By the end of 2024, an estimated 40.8 million individuals will be living with HIV globally. The WHO further notes that there is currently no cure for HIV infection.