The choking smog in Delhi, with its Air Quality Index (AQI) reaching critical peaks of 764, highlights a severe environmental challenge. In comparison, Beijing recorded a much lower AQI of 236, underscoring a significant disparity in air quality between the two major Asian capitals. While both economies are rapidly expanding, Delhi faces a far more perilous air pollution crisis. Tiny particulate matter, PM2.5 and PM10, are the culprits, penetrating deep into the lungs and contributing to a host of health issues, from asthma to cardiovascular problems. The World Health Organization’s recommended limits are frequently surpassed in Delhi, which consistently ranks among the most polluted cities globally. Pollution peaks typically occur from October to February, driven by a confluence of factors including vehicle exhaust, industrial emissions, road dust, and the widespread practice of stubble burning in surrounding agricultural states, compounded by unfavorable weather patterns. Beijing’s remarkable turnaround offers a viable path forward. Through a determined, ten-year “war on pollution,” the city enforced strict environmental mandates, made substantial investments, and fostered regional collaboration. Key strategies included shutting down or upgrading polluting factories, transitioning away from coal-fired power plants, and incentivizing the adoption of cleaner fuels and electric vehicles. Enhanced public transportation and a vast network of air quality monitoring stations provided real-time data, empowering citizens and driving accountability. Regional coordination with Tianjin and Hebei was instrumental in controlling widespread pollution sources. Delhi’s current mitigation efforts, such as odd-even car schemes, temporary bans, and app-based complaint redressal, are important but appear insufficient. The ambitious plans for expanding public transport and promoting electric mobility by 2030 are promising. However, replicating Beijing’s holistic and sustained approach, emphasizing regional cooperation and stringent enforcement, is paramount if Delhi is to clear its skies and protect its population from the devastating health consequences of air pollution.
